Research Library

Since 2015, CLTC has directly funded more than 160 projects by UC Berkeley students, faculty & affiliates on original cybersecurity research topics, in addition to developing our own white papers, publications, blogs, policy analysis and recommendations, and open-source curricula and toolkits.

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August 6, 2025

White Paper

A Path to Long-Term Cyber Resilience for Under-Resourced Organizations

By: Michael Razeeq

Across the United States, state, local, tribal, and territorial governments (“SLTTs”), small- and medium-sized businesses (“SMBs”), and nonprofits are frequently targeted in cyber attacks, leading to significant financial…

cyber civil defensedigital harmsgovernanceinfrastructurenational securitypublic interest cybersecuritywater

August 4, 2025

White Paper

man in a hospital using digital equipment

Economics of Cyber Policies for Critical Care

By: Aden Klein

  Cyberattacks are a pressing threat to hospital operations, patient health data, and, most importantly, patient lives. Cybersecurity insurance has become a key component of resilience for the…

cyber civil defensedigital harmshealthcarehospitalsinfrastructureinsurancepolicy

June 17, 2025

White Paper

The Roadmap to Community Cyber Defense: A Path Forward from the Cyber Resilience Corps

By: Sarah Powazek, Grace Menna

Community organizations — including nonprofits, hospitals, schools, local utilities, city governments, and small businesses — deliver vital services to the public, but they are often the least prepared to…

civil cyber defensepublic interest cybersecurity

May 13, 2025

Blog Post

Reflections on Cybersecurity Futures 2025: Looking Back from the Present

By: Nick Merrill, Steven Weber

In this article, Nick Merrill and Steve Weber conduct a “postmortem” analysis of the Cybersecurity Futures 2025 scenarios, which were written in 2020. The authors look at what they got right — and wrong — and what it means for our understanding of changes and trends in technology and digital security.

artificial intelligence (AI)data economydeep fakedigital harmsglobalizationgovernanceinfrastructureinternet fragmentationmisinformationprivacyquantumscenariossurveillancesynthetic media (deepfakes)

May 12, 2025

Blog Post

Slashing EPA funding may have downstream cybersecurity impacts on an already vulnerable water sector

By: Shannon Pierson

America’s water and wastewater utilities rely on the Environmental Protection Agency for cybersecurity support and guidance. With the EPA’s funding on the Trump Administration’s chopping block, America’s water…

digital harmshomeland securityinfrastructurenational securitypublic interest cybersecurity

May 8, 2025

White Paper

the cover image for the report, showing a circle made of green and blue beams of light.

Survey of Search Engine Safeguards and their Applicability for AI

By: Evan R. Murphy, Nada Madkour, Deepika Raman, Krystal Jackson, Jessica Newman, Survey of Search Engine Safeguards and their Applicability for AI

A new research paper from the Center for Long-Term Cybersecurity examines how safeguards designed for search engines could be adopted by developers of AI systems like ChatGPT. The…

artificial intelligence (AI)data sharingdigital harmsengineeringhomeland securitymachine learning (ML)misinformationnational security

April 16, 2025

White Paper

The South Korean Digital Paradox: How South Korea’s Internet Development Model Creates Unique Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities

By: Nick Merrill, The South Korean Digital Paradox: How South Korea’s Internet Development Model Creates Unique Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities

South Korea is home to one of the world’s most robust digital infrastructures, largely as a result of a government-led development model that has favored domestic technologies. Nearly…

governanceinfrastructureinternet fragmentationmisinformationpolicyriskscenarios

March 31, 2025

White Paper

Managing Commercial Spyware Through Export Controls: Lessons Learned from the Wassenaar Experience

By: Elaine Korzak

A new white paper from the Center for Long-Term Cybersecurity explores the use of international export controls to limit the dissemination of commercial spyware technologies. The paper, “Managing…

digital harmsgovernancelaw enforcementnational securitypolicyprivacysurveillance

February 3, 2025

White Paper

Intolerable Risk Threshold Recommendations for Artificial Intelligence

By: Deepika Raman, Nada Madkour, Evan R. Murphy, Krystal Jackson, Jessica Newman

January has already seen the release of new frontier models that are creating waves with unprecedented innovation in their development and uplift in their capabilities. Simultaneously, we are…

artificial intelligence (AI)risk

January 29, 2025

White Paper

Impacts of Open Radio Access Networks for Operators, Policymakers, and Consumers

By: Jon Metzler

  A new white paper published by the UC Berkeley Center for Long-Term Cybersecurity examines the implications of “open radio access networks,” or Open RAN, a movement focused…

5Ggovernanceinfrastructure